1. Introduction
1.1. Purpose
Article 44.11 of the Cabinet Decision No. (10) of 2019 Concerning the Implementing Regulation of Decree Law No. (20) of 2018 on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism and Illegal Organisations charges Supervisory Authorities with “providing Financial Institutions…with guidelines and feedback to enhance the effectiveness of implementation of the Crime-combatting measures.”
The purpose of this Guidance is to assist the understanding and effective performance by the United Arab Emirates Central Bank’s (“CBUAE”) licensed financial institutions (“LFIs”) of their statutory obligations under the legal and regulatory framework in force in the UAE. It should be read in conjunction with the CBUAE's Procedures for Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism and Illicit Organizations1 (issued by Notice No. 74/2019 dated 19/06/2019) and the Executive Office of the Committee for Goods and Materials Subject to Import and Export Control‘s (“Executive Office”) Guidance on Targeted Financial Sanctions for Financial Institutions and Designated Non-financial Business and Professions2 (circulated by CBUAE Notice No. 2893 dated 02/06/2021) and any amendments or updates thereof. As such, while this Guidance neither constitutes additional legislation or regulation nor replaces or supersedes any legal or regulatory requirements or statutory obligations, it sets out the expectations of the CBUAE for LFIs to be able to demonstrate compliance with these requirements. In the event of a discrepancy between this Guidance and the legal or regulatory frameworks currently in force, the latter will prevail. This Guidance may be supplemented with additional separate guidance materials, such as outreach sessions and thematic reviews conducted by the Central Bank.
Furthermore, this Guidance takes into account standards and guidance issued by the Financial Action Task Force (“FATF”), industry best practices and red flag indicators. These are not exhaustive and do not set limitations on the measures to be taken by LFIs in order to meet their statutory obligations under the legal and regulatory framework currently in force. As such, LFIs should perform their own assessments of the manner in which they should meet their statutory obligations.
This Guidance comes into effect immediately upon its issuance by the CBUAE with LFIs expected to demonstrate compliance with its requirements within one month from its coming into effect.
1 Available at https://www.centralbank.ae/en/cbuae-amlcft.
2 Available at: https://www.uaeiec.gov.ae/en-us/un-page#1.2. Applicability
Unless otherwise noted, this Guidance applies to all natural and legal persons, which are licensed and/or supervised by CBUAE, in the following categories:
• National banks, branches of foreign banks, exchange houses, finance companies, payment service providers, registered hawala providers and other LFIs; and
• Insurance companies, agencies, and brokers.
1.3. Legal Basis
This Guidance builds upon the provisions of the following laws and regulations:
• Decree Federal Law No. 20 of 2018 on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism and Illegal Organizations (“AML-CFT Law”).
• Cabinet Decision No. (10) of 2019 concerning the Implementation Regulation of Decree Federal Law No. 20 of 2018 on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism and Illegal Organizations (“AML-CFT Decision”).
• Cabinet Decision No. (74) of 2020 Regarding Terrorism Lists Regulation and Implementation of UN Security Council Resolutions on the Suppression and Combating of Terrorism, Terrorists Financing & Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction, and Related Resolutions (“Cabinet Decision 74”).
The AML-CFT Law and the AML-CFT Decision require LFIs to promptly apply directives issued by the competent authorities of the UAE for implementing the decisions issued by the United Nations Security Council (“UNSC”) under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations (“UN”). In furtherance of this requirement, the Cabinet Decision 74 sets out the legislative and regulatory framework regarding the Targeted Financial Sanctions (“TFS”), including the Local Terrorist List and the UN Consolidated List.
The Executive Office3 acts as a national lead to coordinate and liaison implementation of TFS with all the federal and local government stakeholders including financial institutions (FIs) and designated non-financial business and professions (DNFBPs) and has issued the Guidance on Targeted Financial Sanctions for FIs and DNFBPs”. The Executive office is mainly responsible for:
• Receiving and processing grievances against Listing in UN and Local Lists decisions;
• Receiving and processing applications to use frozen funds as per sanctions lists;
• Working closely with the Supreme Council with regards to the local Listing;
• Circulating updates to the local and UN lists to the government and private sector; and
• Coordinating and exchanging information between Government Agencies.
This Guidance issued by the CBUAE is supplementary to the above mentioned “Guidance on Targeted Financial Sanctions for Financial Institutions and Designated Non-financial Business and Professions” issued by the Executive Office.
3 Website: Home | Committee for goods & material subjected to import & export (uaeiec.gov.ae)
1.4. Definitions
Controlling Shareholder: A shareholder who has the ability to directly or indirectly influence or control the appointment of the majority of the board of directors, or the decisions made by the board or by the general assembly of the entity, through the ownership of a percentage of the shares or stocks or under an agreement or other arrangement providing for such influence.
Direct Relationship: A relationship between two parties that knowingly provide the other material, technological, logistical, or financial support and both parties are directly impacted by the other party.
Funds: Assets of all types, in whatever form and however acquired, whether corporeal or incorporeal, tangible or intangible, movable or immovable, electronic, digital or encrypted, including national currency, foreign currencies, documents and legal instruments establishing ownership of such assets or any associated rights, in whatever form, including electronic or digital forms, as well as economic resources considered as assets of any kind, including oil and natural resources, and bank credits, cheques, money orders, shares, securities, bonds, drafts, and letters of credit and any interest, dividends, or other income accruing from or generated by such assets, and that may be used to obtain any other funds, goods or services including internet posting services or related services.
Indirect Relationship: A relationship between two parties that affect each other through a third-party source or one or more intermediaries.
Listed Person: Individuals, legal entities and groups listed by the UN Security Council on the UN Consolidated List, or listed by the UAE Cabinet on the Local Terrorist List, as the case may be.
Listing: Identifying the individuals, legal entities and groups subject to sanctions imposed pursuant to relevant UNSC Resolutions (“UNSCRs”), decisions of the Sanctions Committee, or relevant decisions of the UAE Cabinet, as the case may be, and implementing relevant sanctions against such individuals, legal entities and groups, with a statement of the reasons for Listing.
Local Terrorist List: Terrorism lists issued by the UAE Cabinet pursuant to the provisions of Article (63) paragraph (1) of Federal Law No. (7) of 2014 on Combating Terrorism Offences.
Other Measures: Sanction measures other than freezing that must be enforced, and which may be included in Relevant UNSCRs or UAE Cabinet decisions regarding the issuance of Local Terrorist List, such as prohibitions relating to travel, weapons, imports, or provision of fuel supplies and other.
Previous Customer: A customer with whom the relationship was terminated and the LFI maintains relevant records according to record keeping and other requirements.
Relevant UNSCRs: All current and future UNSCRs relating to the suppression and combating of terrorism, terrorist financing and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and its financing, including but not limited to Resolutions 1267 (1999), 1373 (2001), 1988 (2011), 1989 (2011), 1718 (2006), 2231 (2015) and any successor resolutions.
Sanctions Committee: Any of the UN Security Council Committees established as per its resolutions, including UNSCRs 1267 (1999) and 1989 (2011) relating to ISIL and Al-Qaida, 1988 (2011) relating to the Security and Stability of Afghanistan, and 1718 (2006) relating to the suppression and combating of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction for the DPRK.
Subsidiary: An entity owned by another entity by more than 50% of its capital or under full control of that entity regarding appointment of the Board of Directors.
Targeted Financial Sanctions (TFS): The term Targeted Financial Sanctions means that such sanctions are against certain individuals, entities, groups, or undertakings. The term Targeted Financial Sanctions includes both asset freezing and prohibitions to prevent funds or other assets from being made available, directly, or indirectly, for the benefit of individuals, entities, groups, or organization who are sanctioned.
The Executive Office: The Executive Office of the Committee for Goods and Materials Subject to Import and Export Control.
UN Consolidated List: A list containing the names of individuals and organizations linked to terrorism, financing of terrorism or proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and its financing, and that are subject to sanctions imposed as per UNSCRs and decisions of the Sanctions Committee, along with information related to such persons and reasons for their Listing.
Without Delay: Within 24 hours of the Listing decision being issued by the UNSC, the Sanctions Committee or the UAE Cabinet, as the case may be.